When we think of discovering new species, it’s easy to picture exotic locations and eureka moments under a microscope. While this process is undoubtedly thrilling, it also plays a vital role in deepening our understanding of the planet and the intricate ecosystems that sustain life.
Every species discovered adds another piece to the puzzle of biodiversity. Knowing which living beings share the planet with us is essential for their protection—after all, we can’t conserve what we don’t know exists.
Uncovering a new species is no simple task. When it comes to insects—especially moths—the journey often begins with expeditions into diverse habitats. In the Tambopata rainforest, moths have been identified whose larvae feed on unique local plants or play essential roles as nocturnal pollinators. For instance, some moths have camouflaged patterns mimicking tree bark, while others have designs resembling large eyes to ward off predators.
Rainforests are particularly vital for such discoveries due to their inaccessibility. Many areas remain largely unexplored, giving each expedition tremendous potential to uncover unknown species.
In the “Discovering New Species” project by Wired Amazon, specific methods are employed to attract moths, such as the nocturnal light trap. This technique uses a bright light to illuminate a white sheet, drawing in moths from the surrounding forest. Once the moths arrive, they are observed, collected, and photographed for further study.
Guests at the Light Trap, photo by
Back in the lab, researchers analyze the physical characteristics of these insects, including wing patterns, antennae, and body structures. Genetic analysis is also conducted to determine whether the species is already known or entirely new to science.
Moth processing at the Open lab, photo by Carlos Gonzales
A key tool in this process is DNA barcoding, a technique that identifies species by analyzing a short DNA fragment. This work is carried out in collaboration with projects like the BOLD System (Barcode of Life Data System) at the University of Guelph, Canada. This system is essential for cataloging global biodiversity and validating new species.
Since 2016, the Wired Amazon project has facilitated the discovery of approximately 30 new moth species in the Tambopata rainforest of Peru—a critical region of the Amazon. This work has highlighted how much there is still to learn and document, as thousands of species likely remain undiscovered in this biodiversity-rich area. Each discovery not only broadens scientific knowledge but also reinforces the importance of preserving these fragile and invaluable ecosystems.
Crastolliana Belyiorum, a new species discovered by The Belyi Family
Every newly discovered species is not just a scientific triumph—it’s an invitation to reflect on our relationship with the natural world. On a planet where habitats face increasing threats, safeguarding the spaces where these species thrive is more crucial than ever.
So, the next time you see a moth fluttering around a light, remember—it might just be an ambassador of a world still full of secrets, waiting to be uncovered.
